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Jayarāśi Bhaṭṭa
was an 8th or 9th century Indian philosopher (dated to ca. 770–830 by Franco 1994), author of the ''Tattvopaplavasimha'' (''tattva-upa.plava-simha'' "The Lion that Devours All Categories"/"The Upsetting of All Principles").
==''Tattvopaplavasimha''==
The manuscript of ''Tattvopaplavasimha'' was discovered in 1926 and published in 1940 (eds. Sukhlāljī Saṁghavī & Rasiklāl C Pārīkh). The book examines epistemology, where Jayarāśi considers the pramāna (sources of knowledge) accepted in establishing conclusions (perception, inference, and testimony), and proves that none of them are sufficient for establishing knowledge. Inference relies on inductive reasoning, which cannot be shown to be universal premises. Testimony requires the reliability of the witness, which must be established by another of the pramāna. Even direct perception cannot establish truth, because it requires that the perception not be erroneous or illusory, which also cannot be established. Therefore, Jayarāsi argues that none of the sources of knowledge are valid, and nothing can be known for certain.
Jayarāsi challenged the āstika establishment's belief in supernatural beings by attacking their epistemology. Since none of the sources of knowledge are valid, how can anything be said about these beings? Therefore, he argued for the reasonability of atheism, and that happiness in one's life is the most reasonable goal. Jayarasi represented a philosophy of extreme skepticism, claiming no school of philosophy can claim its view of reality as knowledge, including the Cārvāka itself; however, because Cārvāka philosophy represents common sense, it could be used as a guide.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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